Background: Cervical cancer (CC) occupies fourth place in cancer incidence and mortality worldwide in women,\nwith 560,505 new cases and 284,923 deaths per year. Approximately, nine of every ten (87%) take place in developing\ncountries. When a macroscopic nodal involvement is discovered during a radical hysterectomy (RH), there is\ncontroversy in the literature between resect macroscopic lymph node compromise or abandonment of the\nsurgery and sending the patient for standard chemo-radiotherapy treatment. The objective of this study is to\ncompare the prognosis of patients with CC whom RH was abandoned and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy\nand para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed with that of patients who were only biopsied or with removal of a\nsuspicious lymph node, treated with concomitant radiotherapy/chemotherapy in the standard manner.\nMethods: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in two institutions from Mexico and Colombia. Clinical\nrecords of patients with early-stage CC programmed for RH with an intraoperative finding of pelvic lymph, para-aortic\nnodes, or any extracervical involvement that contraindicates the continuation of surgery were obtained. Between\nJanuary 2007 and December 2012, 42 clinical patients complied with study inclusion criteria and were selected\nfor analysis.\nResults: In patients with CC whom RH was abandoned due to lymph node affectation, there is no difference in\noverall survival or in disease-free period between systematic lymphadenectomy and tumor removal or lymph\nnode biopsy, in pelvic lymph nodes as well as in para-aortic lymph nodes, when these patients receive adjuvant\ntreatment with concomitant radiotherapy/chemotherapy.\nConclusions: This is a hypothesis-generator study; thus, the recommendation is made to conduct randomized\nprospective studies to procure better knowledge on the impact of bilateral pelvic and para-aortic\nlymphadenectomy on this group of patients.
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